The Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) has made company registration in Nigeria fully digital through its Company Registration Portal (CRP). However, many entrepreneurs still find the process confusing, with frequent queries and delays that can make registration frustrating.
If you’re planning to start a business in Nigeria, registering your company with the CAC is an essential step. It gives your business legal recognition, protects your brand, and opens doors to loans, contracts, and government opportunities.
Company Registration Services in Nigeria
Registering a Company in Nigeria Online: The 100% Simple, Step-by-Step CAC Guide using the new portal
This step-by-step guide explains how to register a company in Nigeria online using the CAC portal and why SplashDict’s services are the easiest way to get your CAC Certificate, TIN, and MEMART without stress.
What Is Company Registration?
Company registration, also known as incorporation, is the legal process of officially creating a business entity that is separate from its owners. In Nigeria, this process is governed by the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020 and administered by the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC).
By registering your company, you establish a legal structure that allows your business to own assets, enter into contracts, sue and be sued, and operate under its own name. It also provides critical advantages over operating as a sole proprietor, most notably limited liability protection, which shields your personal assets from business debts or legal obligations.
Once registration is complete, the CAC issues a Certificate of Incorporation, Status Report, and MEMART, officially recognizing your business as a legal entity. This enables you to open corporate bank accounts, apply for loans, and participate in government or private sector contracts with confidence and legality.
The key benefits of registering a company with CAC
Registering your company with the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) establishes your business as a legally recognized entity in Nigeria. It provides credibility, structure, and protection while unlocking access to greater opportunities for growth and compliance.
1. Legal Recognition and Compliance:
CAC registration gives your business formal legal standing, ensuring compliance with Nigerian company law. It enables your company to own assets, enter into contracts, sue, or be sued in its own name.
2. Limited Liability Protection:
For limited companies, shareholders’ liability is restricted to the value of their shares or the guaranteed amount. This protects personal assets, such as homes and vehicles, from company debts or legal liabilities.
3. Exclusive Name Rights:
Your business name becomes legally protected nationwide. No other entity can register or operate under the same or a deceptively similar name, preserving your brand identity.
4. Access to Banking, Licensing, and Government Opportunities:
Only registered companies can open corporate bank accounts, apply for TIN, business licenses, government contracts, or corporate funding. This formal status builds trust with clients, regulators, and investors.
5. Credibility and Professional Trust:
Registration demonstrates that your business operates transparently and in compliance with Nigerian law. It enhances confidence among customers, financial institutions, and potential investors.
6. Perpetual Existence:
A registered company continues to exist beyond the life or involvement of its founders. Ownership and management can change without affecting its legal standing.
7. Access to Capital and Investors:
Registered entities, especially Limited and Public Companies, can attract investment, issue shares, and secure loans from financial institutions or venture capital firms.
8. Tax and Regulatory Benefits:
Registered businesses can access tax identification, potential exemptions (e.g., small companies are exempt from Company Income Tax), and are recognized for government incentives.
9. Scalability and Corporate Structure:
Registration provides a formal structure suitable for growth, whether as a Private or Public Limited Company, a Company Limited by Guarantee, or an Unlimited Company, each offering unique flexibility for different business goals.
10. Legal Continuity and Institutional Reputation:
Incorporation provides your business with a lasting corporate identity that promotes continuity, legal protection, and a long-term reputation, which is critical for partnerships, investments, and expansion.
Types of Companies You Can Register with the CAC
When registering a company in Nigeria, the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) offers several types of incorporation options under the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020. The right choice depends on your business goals, ownership structure, and funding strategy.
1. Private Limited Company (LTD)
This is the most common company type for startups, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and private investors. It provides credibility, flexibility, and growth potential, making it ideal for most Nigerian businesses.
Ownership: 1–50 shareholders
Minimum Share Capital: ₦100,000
Key Features:
Offers limited liability protection, shielding personal assets from business debts.
Ownership is private, shares cannot be publicly traded.
Suitable for entrepreneurs, families, or small groups looking to build scalable businesses.
Can be fully owned by a foreign investor, subject to minimum capital requirements.
2. Public Limited Company (PLC)
Designed for large organizations that want to raise capital from the public or list on the stock exchange. Ideal for expansion and public investment, offering high credibility and access to significant capital.
Ownership: Minimum of 2 shareholders, no maximum limit
Minimum Share Capital: ₦2 million
Key Features:
Shares can be offered or traded publicly through an IPO or stock exchange.
Must maintain high transparency and file regular financial reports.
Often used by banks, manufacturing companies, and large corporations.
3. Company Limited by Guarantee (LTD/GTE)
This structure is meant for non-profit or charitable organizations such as NGOs, foundations, and associations. Perfect for mission-driven entities focused on charity, education, science, culture, or community service.
Ownership: No shareholders, only members who act as guarantors.
Minimum Guarantee: ₦100,000
Key Features:
Operates without share capital; members’ liability is limited to their guarantee amount.
Must obtain Attorney General approval before registration.
Profits are reinvested into the organization’s objectives, not distributed to members.
4. Unlimited Company
An unlimited company provides maximum confidentiality and financial flexibility, though shareholders have unlimited liability. Ideal for trusted partnerships or professional firms prioritizing confidentiality over limited liability.
Ownership: One or more shareholders
Minimum Share Capital: No fixed requirement
Key Features:
Members are personally liable for company debts.
Financial statements are not publicly disclosed, offering privacy.
Often used by law firms, high-capital partnerships, or private investment groups.
Not required to file annual returns with the CAC.
Requirements to Register a Company in Nigeria
Before registering your company with the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC), ensure you have the following information and documents ready.
The CAC portal now features instant name availability search; you only need to propose one company name, and the system will automatically verify and suggest alternatives if unavailable.
1. Company Details
3. Ownership & Control Requirements by Company Type
| Company Type | Title of Owner / Member | Minimum | Maximum | PSC (Person with Significant Control) Requirement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Private Limited Company (LTD) | Shareholder | 1 | 50 | Anyone owning 5% or more of shares or voting rights must be declared. |
| Public Limited Company (PLC) | Shareholder | 2 | No Limit | Anyone owning 5% or more of shares or voting rights must be declared. |
| Private Company Limited by Guarantee (LTD/GTE) | Guarantor / Member | 2 | 50 | PSC is based on significant influence or control, not shareholding. |
| Private Unlimited Company (Ultd.) | Member | 1 | 50 | Based on ownership interest or control over company affairs. |
Information Required
For all Directors, Shareholders/Guarantors, Company Secretaries, and Persons with Significant Control (PSCs), you must provide:
Personal Details: Full name, residential address, phone number, email address, and occupation.
Valid Identification: A government-issued ID (NIN Slip, Passport, Driver’s Licence, or Voter’s Card).
Digital Signature: A scanned copy of their signature on a plain white background.
- Residency Proof: Resident Permit () for any foreign director or shareholder residing in Nigeria
Persons with Significant Control (PSC): Any individual or entity who owns 5% or more of shares or voting rights, or who has significant influence over the company.
For corporate shareholders or members, provide:
Certificate of Incorporation.
Board Resolution authorizing participation in the company.
How to Reserve a Business Name with CAC
The Official CAC Company Registration Process (DIY Steps)
Step 1: Create Your CAC Portal Account
The first step is to create an account on the CAC Company Registration Portal at icrp.cac.gov.ng. You’ll be required to provide your full name, email address, phone number, and National Identification Number (NIN).
After submitting your details, a verification code will be sent to your email for two-factor authentication (2FA). Enter this code to activate and secure your account. Once verified, you can log in at any time to begin or continue your company registration.
Step 2: Search and Reserve Your Company Name
Next, you need to reserve a unique name for your company to ensure it’s not already in use by another entity.
Log in to your CAC dashboard and navigate to the “Name Reservations” section. Under Business Classification, select “Company” and choose your preferred type, such as a Private Limited Company (Ltd), Public Limited Company (PLC), or Unlimited Company.
Enter your proposed company name (for example, Mekus & Sons Ltd). Remember that company names must end with “Limited,” “Ltd,” or “PLC.” Choose your Nature of Business Category and Specific Business Type, then proceed to payment.
A ₦500 name reservation fee is paid through Remita, after which the system instantly checks the availability of your chosen name. If it passes the automated check, your name is reserved immediately upon payment.
Special Case: Names Requiring Consent
Some names require special approval before they can be used. This applies to Companies Limited by Guarantee (LTD/GTE) or names containing restricted words such as “National,” “Government,” “Council,” or “Authority.”
If your proposed name falls into this category, select “Name Requiring Consent” from your dashboard. Fill in your business classification, type, and reason for consent, along with your organization’s details such as email, address, and main activity.
After submitting and making payment, your request will be manually reviewed by CAC officers. Once approved, your company name will be reserved for 60 days, within which you must complete your full registration.
With your company name successfully reserved, you have 60 days to complete the full registration process. This part involves filling out the main incorporation form, uploading documents, and making the final payment.
Step 3: Initiate the Registration (Using Your AV Code)
Once your name is approved, you can immediately start the registration from your dashboard.
- Option 1: Click “Registration” on the side menu, then select “Register New Business.” You will be prompted to enter the Availability Code (AV Code) you received in your name approval email.
- Option 2 (Faster): Go to your approved name list under “Name Reservations,” click the three-dot menu beside your approved name, and select “Start Registration.” This automatically applies the AV Code and takes you straight to the form.
Step 4: Fill Out the Pre-Incorporation Form
This is the most critical and detailed step. Take your time and ensure every detail is accurate to avoid queries.
Step 5: Upload Supporting Documents
- A valid ID for each director, shareholder/guarantor, secretary, and witness (NIN, International Passport, or Driver’s License).
- Scanned signatures on a white background for all relevant parties.
Understanding the New 2025 CAC Service Fees
Cost of Company Registration in Nigeria (2025 Updated CAC Fees)
The costs provided below combine the new CAC filing fee with the current FIRS Stamp Duty rate for minimum share capital, plus the standard name reservation fee.
How Long Does Company Registration Take?
The CAC’s online registration system is generally efficient, but occasional technical issues or high traffic periods can cause brief delays in processing.
In most cases:
Name reservation is approved instantly once payment is confirmed.
Company registration is completed within 3 to 14 working days from the date of submission, depending on the accuracy of the documents and CAC workload.
For a Company Limited by Guarantee (LTD/GTE), an additional approval is required from the Attorney General of the Federation (AGF). This consent process typically takes 30 to 90 days after submission.
CAC Post-Incorporation Filings
After Company Registration: What’s Next?
With your Certificate of Incorporation secured, the following steps are essential to establish your company as a fully compliant and functional legal entity in Nigeria.
1. Register with Tax Authorities
Your company’s Tax Identification Number (TIN) is automatically generated during registration and appears on your Status Report or Certificate of Incorporation. However, full compliance requires registering with both federal and state tax authorities:
Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS): All registered companies must register with FIRS for federal taxes such as Company Income Tax (CIT) and Value Added Tax (VAT) if your business sells goods or services.
State Internal Revenue Service: You must also register with the tax authority of the state where your company operates to remit Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE) tax for employees and other state-level levies.
2. Open a Corporate Bank Account
A corporate bank account is essential for separating personal and business finances and maintaining credibility. Most banks, investors, and clients only transact with businesses that operate through a corporate account.
Documents required:
Certificate of Incorporation
Company Tax Identification Number (TIN)
Board Resolution authorizing the account
Valid identification of directors and authorized signatories
3. File Annual Returns with the CAC
Compliance doesn’t end at incorporation; you must file annual returns with the CAC to maintain active status.
What are annual returns? These are yearly filings that confirm your company’s operational status and update the CAC on any structural or ownership changes.
When to file: New companies are exempt from filing within their first 18 months of incorporation. Subsequently, returns must be filed within 42 days after the Annual General Meeting (AGM) each year.
Consequences of non-filing: Failure to file may attract penalties, cause your company to lose its “Active” status, or even result in your company being struck off the CAC register.
4. Obtain Industry-Specific Licences and Permits
Depending on your company’s sector, you may need extra regulatory approvals before commencing operations.
Examples include:
NAFDAC – for businesses dealing in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
CBN – for financial and fintech institutions
NCC – for telecommunications and ICT companies
5. Register with Employee-Focused Agencies
If your company hires staff, it must register with relevant statutory agencies to ensure employee welfare and compliance with labor laws.
National Pension Commission (PENCOM): For enrolling employees under the Contributory Pension Scheme.
Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund (NSITF): Covers employees for work-related injuries or disabilities.
Industrial Training Fund (ITF): Mandatory for companies with five or more employees or an annual turnover exceeding ₦50 million.
6. Protect Your Intellectual Property
Safeguard your company’s creative and brand assets through official intellectual property registration. This includes trademarks, copyrights, and patents, protecting your identity and competitive advantage in the market.
7. Stay Compliant and Active
Corporate compliance is an ongoing responsibility. Always:
Respond promptly to CAC or tax authority queries.
Keep your filings, tax payments, and licenses up to date.
Regularly verify your company’s status on the CAC portal to ensure it remains “Active.”
Why Many Applicants Face Delays When Registering a Company on the CAC Portal
While the CAC’s online portal allows individuals to complete company registration themselves, many first-time applicants face unnecessary delays and repeated queries. These challenges often arise from minor errors or incomplete understanding of the process.
Here’s why:
1. Mismatched Personal Details:
Every detail you provide, from your name to your date of birth, must exactly match what appears on your uploaded identification (ID). Even a small typo or spelling difference between your ID and the form can trigger a CAC query or delay approval.
2. Poor Document Quality:
Blurry passport photographs, faint signatures, or unclear ID scans are among the top reasons applications are queried. The CAC requires all uploads to be clear, colored, and properly aligned on a white background.
3. Share Capital Errors:
Incorrectly declaring your issued share capital or omitting mandatory share breakdowns can create compliance issues.
Certain company types. such as foreign-owned entities or regulated sectors (finance, oil & gas, etc.), require a higher minimum share capital than ordinary private companies.
4. Limited Legal and Compliance Knowledge:
Applicants unfamiliar with the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020 may:
Choose the wrong company type (e.g., LTD instead of LTD/GTE).
Define unsuitable business objects.
Misinterpret shareholding structures or director requirements.
These mistakes often lead to multiple corrections and time-consuming resubmissions.
5. Payment and Technical Issues:
CAC payments are processed through Remita, which occasionally experiences delays or incomplete confirmations. Without technical know-how, applicants may get stuck waiting for receipts or payment reference codes that accredited agents can easily retrieve or resolve.
6. Lack of Escalation Support:
When a self-registered application is queried, many individuals struggle to get help or feedback.
By contrast, CAC-accredited agents have direct escalation access, enabling them to quickly resolve issues, correct submissions, and push applications forward.
7. Complex or Special Registrations:
Some entities, like Companies Limited by Guarantee (LTD/GTE) or those operating in specialized industries (education, health, security, etc.), require:
Additional regulatory approvals or consent letters.
Certificates from supervising bodies (e.g., NUC, NBTE).
Precise wording in the Memorandum and Articles of Association.
These requirements make DIY registration more complicated and prone to rejection.
8. Technical Glitches and Missed Steps:
The CAC portal sometimes experiences downtime or unresponsive pages, especially during high traffic periods.
Applicants who skip key steps — such as not submitting for review after payment — may unknowingly leave their application hanging indefinitely.
9. No Anticipation of Queries
Experienced agents know what CAC officers typically look for — from acceptable ID formats to naming conventions.
They can preemptively address potential issues, reducing back-and-forth queries and saving valuable time.
10. Streamlined, Hassle-Free Processing:
CAC-accredited professionals follow an established workflow for document collection, verification, and submission. This ensures a faster, smoother process with minimal errors, allowing business owners to focus on launching their ventures rather than navigating bureaucratic hurdles.
Why Choose SplashDict for Your Company Registration
1. Zero Delays, Maximum Efficiency:
Our team of CAC-accredited agents and ICSAN-certified professionals understands the registration process inside and out. We expertly navigate the CAC portal, ensuring every form is completed correctly and every document is perfectly formatted on the first attempt.
2. Clear, Transparent Pricing:
With SplashDict, there are no hidden charges or surprise costs. Our flat-fee pricing covers everything; government filing fees, professional service charges, and document preparation. You’ll know the exact cost upfront and can register with complete confidence.
3. Comprehensive Support Beyond Registration:
Company incorporation is only the beginning. SplashDict provides end-to-end corporate support to keep your business compliant and growing:
Annual Returns: We file on time to maintain your company’s “Active” CAC status and avoid penalties.
Post-Incorporation Filings: From changing directors to increasing share capital, we handle all corporate updates.
Tax & Regulatory Compliance: Our team helps you register with FIRS, obtain TIN/VAT, and meet ongoing tax obligations.
4. Your Dedicated Partner for Compliance:
Kickstart your corporate journey with a company incorporated through the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC).
Private Limited Company (LTD) IncorporationPerfect for SMEs seeking legal structure, liability protection, and operational flexibility.
Guarantee Company (LTD/GTE) IncorporationFor non-profit initiatives, professional bodies, and charitable organizations needing corporate status.
Public Limited Company (PLC) IncorporationIdeal for large enterprises planning to raise capital from the public through share offerings.
Unlimited Company IncorporationRecommended for professionals and investment groups desiring complete operational privacy.




